This interview is part of our Road to the IGF series. The IGF (Independent Games Festival) aims to encourage innovation in game development and to recognize independent game developers advancing the medium. Every year, Game Developer sits down with the finalists for the IGF ahead of GDC to explore the themes, design decisions, and tools behind each entry.

Mr. Sun's Hatbox assembles a crack team of thieves for some roguelite headgear heists, all while decked out in silly, powerful hats.

Kenny Sun, the game's developer, took some time to speak with Game Developer about how slapstick humor worked its way into the Excellence in Design-nominated game all on its own, the various places they drew inspiration to create silly weapons and tools, and how humor can give you some interesting ways to tell if you're making something that players enjoy.

Who are you, and what was your role in developing Mr. Sun's Hatbox?

I'm Kenny Sun, the solo developer behind Mr. Sun's Hatbox. I worked on almost every part of the game on my own including design, programming, art, animation, sound design, and music.

What's your background in making games?

I first started making games in high school and released a few flash games on Newgrounds. Then, in college, I took a few game design classes and made a couple of Game Maker games on my own. One of them, Circa Infinity, got some attention and helped me get a job in the industry as a programmer at Harmonix. I worked there for a few years while still making my own games on the weekends. Eventually, those projects made enough to cover my living expenses so I quit in 2018 to try making indie games full-time. I've been doing that ever since, aside from a year-long break when I had the chance to work as a programmer on Return to Monkey Island.

How did you come up with the concept for Mr. Sun's Hatbox?

I initially came up with the idea for the game in 2015 after playing Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain. I really enjoyed the Fulton recovery system where you attach balloons to stunned enemies to lift them into the air and kidnap them. So, I stole that idea and combined it with elements from another favorite game of mine, Spelunky.

I started to prototype the game in 2016, but quickly abandoned it after realizing how huge of a project it’d be given my limited free time (I had a full-time job back then). I forgot about it for a while, but then on my birthday in 2019, my housemate suggested that I should take the day off from the project I'd been working on and start something new as a treat to myself, so I decided to take another stab at the idea. I've been working on it ever since.

What development tools were used to build your game?

I used Unity as the engine, FMOD for audio, Aseprite to make the pixel art, and Logic to make the music.

You describe the game as a 'slapstick roguelite platformer'. What drew you to bring slapstick into such a stressful, tense genre?

I actually didn't seek to make a funny game when I first started developing it. I'd only started leaning into the humor after I noticed a lot of slapstick moments during playtests. As I added more and more funny elements, the humor became the identity of the game.

Mr. Sun's Hatbox features a ridiculous array of tools and hats for players to work with. What thoughts go into designing weapons around silliness, slapstick, and humor?

There were a few approaches I took to coming up with ideas for items:

What challenges do you face when you have so many silly effects your weapons and tools can cause?

Readability can be a challenge, especially when using low-resolution pixel art with my limited art skills. One way I addressed it was to show a text popup whenever you pick up an item that tells you what it is. Even with that, there are still moments that happen too quickly for someone new to the game to parse. I didn't really do anything more to address that though. It's kind of something that you just get used to as you play the game.

Can you tell us a bit about how you came up with the art style? What made the look of the game feel right for an experience focused on silliness?

Since I'm fairly inexperienced as a pixel artist, I don't really have the skill level to define and execute a unique art style. A lot of what defined the style was actually the tutorials I watched to get better at pixel art. Pixel Pete's tutorials were the basis on which the style for the items came from, while AdamCYounis's tutorials helped me figure out how to make the background tiles and buildings.

What thoughts went into the design of the base, and how players can build/expand on it? What do you feel this added to the game?

The actual structure of the base was defined very early on, with it just being a simple 4x3 grid of rooms. I kind of went with the simplest idea and stuck with it because nobody complained about it. I guess one thing that did change is that, earlier on, you didn't even have to place rooms; they'd automatically get built as you progressed in the game. Later on, I updated it so you had to manually pick where each room would go. There is no mechanical benefit to placing a room in any specific place, but it added a small bit of customizability to an otherwise invariable part of the game.

Did you work to infuse that same silliness into the rooms and what they do?

I don't think I actually spent that much effort trying to make the base management side of things silly. There's some dark humor in there; one of the rooms lets you brainwash enemies you capture into joining your side. And another room that lets you perform lab experiments on your units to extract and instill personality traits. But even then, I never went out of my way to make those bits funny, they were just the most straightforward way to translate those mechanics into something narratively feasible. I guess the only intentional humor in the base management side is the narrative bit. Why is this delivery company digging a huge base of operations under their client's house? Poor Mr. Sun.

As a developer, how does it feel to work on a game focused on humor and making the player chuckle? Does it feel different in some ways compared to development of other games?

It's nice because it's easier to tell if you've done a good job by seeing if people laugh while they play. And it’s always satisfying when I’m testing out an item and laugh out loud at something unexpected happening. On the design side, there's a lot less pressure to make the game feel balanced than a more self-serious game. But otherwise, it mostly feels the same as making any other type of game.